How to choose the right drill bit set
Updated June 2026Independently researchedNo paid placement.
A drill bit set is one of the most versatile tools in any workshop, but the right choice depends on the materials you drill most often. For general home use, a set of high-speed steel twist bits in common sizes (from 1/16 to 1/2 inch) will cover most wood, plastic, and light metal tasks. For masonry or heavy-duty metal, look for sets with carbide-tipped or cobalt bits, and always prioritize sets that include a storage case to keep bits organized and sharp.
What types of drill bits should I look for in a set?
The most common all-around bit is the twist drill, usually made of high-speed steel (HSS). These work fine for wood, plastic, and soft metals like aluminum. If you anticipate drilling into brick or concrete, you’ll want a set that includes masonry bits with a carbide tip, those small, blunt-looking bits are built to withstand the impact of hammer drills. For larger holes in wood, spade bits or hole saws are a smart addition. Many combo sets include a handful of spade bits in sizes up to about 1½ inches. If you work with metal often, look for a set that mentions ‘cobalt’ or ‘titanium’. cobalt bits are harder and tolerate heat better on stainless steel, while titanium nitride coatings reduce friction and extend life in softer metals. Don’t overlook step bits if you ever need to drill clean holes in thin metal or plastic. They’re less common in starter sets but invaluable for electrical boxes or automotive work. A well-rounded set will include at least a few of these specialty bits alongside the standard twist drills.
How do I choose the right bit size and shank type?
For most homeowners and DIYers, a set with bits in 1/64-inch or 1/16-inch increments from 1/16 to ½ inch is plenty. Fractional-inch sets are standard in North America; metric sets are more common elsewhere. If you work on imported furniture or vehicles, a metric set in 0.5 millimeter increments up to 10 millimeters is a wise backup. Shank type matters more than you’d think. Round shanks are the default and fit all standard chucks, but hex shanks are useful because they prevent the bit from slipping in the chuck, especially under heavy torque. Many general-purpose sets now use hex shanks, which also work in impact drivers with a quick-release adapter. Watch out for sets that include odd ‘stubby’ or ‘extra-long’ bits without clear labeling. Long bits are great for reaching behind walls, but they flex more and break easier. For daily use, standard length (around 2 to 3 inches for twist bits) is most practical.
What bit materials and coatings are worth paying for?
The budget-friendly choice is plain HSS. it’s sharp, easy to resharpen, and fine for wood and occasional metal. But for tougher jobs, you’ll want something harder. Cobalt bits (usually labeled M35 or M42) contain cobalt alloy that stays hard even when red-hot. They’re excellent for stainless steel and hardened metals, but they’re also brittle, if you drop one, it can chip. Titanium nitride (TiN) coatings are common on mid-range sets. The gold coating reduces friction and helps the bit cut cooler, which extends life in aluminum and plastic. But the coating is thin, once it wears off the cutting edge, the bit performs like plain HSS. Carbide-tipped bits are for masonry, and they’re essential if you drill into tile or brick regularly. A good rule from owner feedback: for a general set used a few times a month, HSS with a titanium coating offers the best balance. If you’re a regular weekend warrior drilling metal, step up to a cobalt set even if it costs more.
How many bits do I actually need in a set?
A set of 21 to 29 twist bits covers the most common sizes for household tasks, hanging shelves, assembling furniture, installing curtains. Larger sets (60+ pieces) often pad the count with duplicates, tiny bits you’ll rarely use, or cheap brad-point bits that dull quickly. For most people, a 25- to 40-piece set that includes twist bits, a few spade bits, and a small hole saw is ideal. Avoid sets that throw in dozens of tiny bits under 1/16 inch unless you do precision work like model-making. Those bits snap easily and add little value. Professional contractors often buy separate sets by material, a dedicated cobalt set for metal and a separate masonry set, rather than one giant combo. Homeowners can stick with a mid-size combo set, then add specialty bits (like self-drilling screws for metal studs) as projects demand.
How should I store and maintain drill bits?
A good storage case is almost as important as the bits themselves. Look for a set that comes in a hard plastic or metal case with individually molded slots. That keeps bits organized, prevents them from rattling against each other, and lets you see at a glance what’s missing. Bit life depends on lubrication (for metal drilling) and avoiding excessive speed. Using a drop of cutting oil on steel reduces heat and keeps the edge sharper. After use, wipe off debris and store bits dry, moisture leads to rust, especially on uncoated HSS. Sharpening is possible with a bench grinder or a dedicated drill sharpener, but for typical DIY use, replacing a dull bit is often cheaper than the time and tooling to sharpen it. If you notice the bit smoking or requiring heavy pressure, it’s dull, stop and swap it out before you burn the workpiece or snap the bit.
Frequently asked questions
What is the difference between HSS and cobalt bits?
HSS (high-speed steel) is a durable general-purpose material that works well for wood, plastic, and soft metals. Cobalt bits have a higher percentage of cobalt (often 5–8%) which makes them harder and more heat-resistant, so they can drill through stainless steel and hardened metals without dulling quickly. For occasional home use, HSS is fine; for frequent metal drilling, cobalt is worth the upgrade.
Can I use wood bits on metal?
You shouldn’t, standard wood bits (like brad-point or spade bits) are not designed for the hardness and heat of metal. Using them on metal will dull the tip fast and may cause the bit to wander or break. Always use HSS or cobalt twist bits for metal. For wood, a brad-point bit gives a cleaner entry hole, but a standard twist bit works in a pinch.
How do I know if a drill bit is sharp enough?
A sharp bit will cut smoothly and produce fine, continuous chips rather than dust. If you have to push hard, if the bit smokes or makes a squealing sound, or if the hole comes out rough or off-center, the bit is dull. Visual inspection should show a clean cutting edge without burrs or rounded corners, a dull bit often looks shiny or worn on the tip.
Are titanium-coated bits worth the extra money?
For general DIY use, yes, the gold titanium nitride coating reduces friction and helps the bit stay cool, which prolongs sharpness in wood, plastic, and aluminum. But the coating is thin and will wear off over time, especially if you drill into abrasive materials like plywood or masonry. If you primarily drill metal or masonry, cobalt or carbide bits are a better investment.
What does the number on a drill bit mean?
The numbers stamped on a drill bit refer to its diameter (in fractions, decimals, or millimeters) and sometimes the tip angle, for example, ‘135° split point’ means the bit has a split tip that reduces walking. A common good tip angle for general use is 118°, while 135° is better for metal because it requires less pressure to start the hole. Always match the bit size to the screw or anchor you’re using.
How do I prevent drill bit breakage?
Breakage often happens from too much pressure, too high a speed, or using the wrong bit for the material. Use firm but steady pressure, don’t force it, let the bit cut. For metal, use a slower speed and a drop of cutting oil. For wood, a faster speed works. Also, avoid bending the bit sideways; keep the drill aligned with the hole axis. Choose a shorter bit when possible, longer bits are more prone to flex and snap.